AWS Project Rainier

The campuses

Five AWS AI Campuses, Three Ways to Power Them

Amazon publishes dollars and building counts, rarely megawatts. Live figures are Epoch AI estimates; only New Carlisle is a confirmed Anthropic site.

• Grid utility
• Nuclear
• Onsite gas

For AWS's other Texas sites, see AWS's Texas Compute on AustinIO.

Project Rainier

An $11B Trainium Campus Built for Anthropic

• Opened: October 2025 on about 1,200 acres in St. Joseph County, Indiana; AWS puts the cost at $11B.
• Chips: about 500,000 Trainium2 at opening, per AWS's CEO; Trainium3 deployment has begun. Anthropic runs more than 1 million Trainium2 across all of AWS.
• Buildings: Epoch counts 18 built or under way of 32 planned, rising from about 1,037 MW of IT load now to about 1,925 MW by early 2028. A permit points to about 2.3 GW of facility power.
• Cooling: outside air about 98% of the year, with water used about 2% of hours.
• Grid stress: in a January 2026 winter storm, the Energy Department ordered the site to cut 50 MW, and its diesel backup generators ran.
• Next: $15B for new northern Indiana campuses adding 2.4 GW, powered through NIPSCO's generation company, with Amazon paying for new plants. Indiana's total commitment is about $26B and 4.6 GW.

GW Ranch

GW Ranch Starts Off the Grid on Its Own Gas

• Developer: Pacifico Energy holds the permit; Amazon confirmed its role in August 2026 and says it "will pay the full cost of powering its operations."
• Permit: the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality approved 7.65 GW of gas generation from 35 turbines in January 2026, with 750 MW of solar and 1.8 GW of batteries in the design, on more than 8,000 acres.
• Grid: designed to start off-grid and move to grid connection later, so Governor Abbott's August 2026 pause on new large grid-connected data centers does not apply.
• Timing: land clearing has begun; the first 1 GW of power is due in the first half of 2027.
• Not disclosed: data center load, and who owns the plant versus the data center.

See Onsite Gas.

Susquehanna

A Nuclear Campus Moving From Behind the Meter to the Grid

• Purchase: AWS bought Talen's 960 MW Cumulus campus next to the Susquehanna nuclear plant for $650M in March 2024.
• Power contract: amended in June 2025 to 1,920 MW through 2042, ramping to full volume by 2032. Talen becomes Amazon's retail supplier and PPL delivers the power through the grid; the switch was set for a spring 2026 refueling outage, and its completion has not been reported.
• Buildings: two live, a third due about August 2026, a fourth about August 2027; a state filing cites 16.

Other campuses

Billions Announced, Megawatts Mostly Undisclosed

Amazon's Mississippi commitment totals $25B, with Entergy Mississippi as utility.

Anthropic and OpenAI

Anthropic Committed More Than $100B to AWS

• Anthropic, April 2026: up to 5 GW of new capacity, nearly 1 GW of it on Trainium2 and Trainium3 by the end of 2026. Anthropic commits more than $100B to AWS over 10 years, across Trainium2 through Trainium4; Amazon invests $5B now and up to $20B more, on top of $8B earlier. No sites named.
• OpenAI, November 2025: $38B over seven years on Nvidia GB200 and GB300, starting in existing AWS data centers. In February 2026 it grew by $100B over eight years, including about 2 GW of Trainium, and Amazon agreed to invest up to $50B in OpenAI. No sites disclosed.

Trainium and capex

Trainium3 in Service, Trainium4 in 2027

• Trainium3: generally available December 2025; 3 nm, 144 GB of HBM3e, up to 144 chips per UltraServer.
• Trainium4: deliveries in 2027, with support for Nvidia's NVLink Fusion.
• Capital spending: 2026 guidance raised from about $200B to about $220B in July, mainly on memory prices; Amazon says its power capacity will double by the end of 2027 from 2025. Third-quarter results come October 29, 2026.

Nuclear

Small Reactors Are a 2030s Supply

• X-energy: the Cascade Advanced Energy Facility in Richland, Washington, with Energy Northwest: four Xe-100 reactors for 320 MW, expandable to 960 MW. Construction starts around 2030; the NRC is in pre-application. Amazon's goal is 5 GW of Xe-100 by 2039. X-energy listed on Nasdaq in April 2026.
• Dominion Energy: a 2024 agreement to explore a small reactor near North Anna, Virginia; no 2026 milestone.

See Nuclear Power.

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